Week_10

**Tutorial Question #10 **

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**Write 3 paragraphs to define the term 'ergonomics' (3 paragraphs). What is the 'Gilbreth system of motion analysis' (1 paragraph)? How was Henry Ford influenced by the efficiency expert, Frederick Taylor (2 paragraphs)? What are the 4 basic principles of McDonaldization (List of 4)? ** =====

Ergonomic means comfort and efficiency. It provides optimum comfort to avoid stress or injury. There are a few issues that study of ergonomics aids in solving. The first is comfort and simplicity; second, incorrect height and depth; third, task lighting; and the fourth, freedom of movement. The sixth and seventh issues are prolonged laptop use, and usable desk space.

The video, defines each issue and how it can be solved. When designing, one must think about all of the above issues, if applicable, to create the perfect combination of the above listed issues. And address them without being complicated. The user must be able to figure out and be comfortable with the design, otherwise, it would not make the task safe, productive, or efficient.

Ergon means to work, omics is the study of work. The science of fitting the job to the worker by studying the abilities and limitations of humans. People who work in the field or ergonomics, study the workplace and equipment. This is so that they can design them to the worker for safety, productivity, and efficiency. Researchers must change the environment in which humans work in.

The "Gilbreth system of motion analysis' is a system in which increased the number of bricks laid per hour from 125-350. The traditional method, involved unnecessary stooping, walking and reaching. The time consuming aspect of the job had been the stooping 125 times per hour for brick and 125 times for mortar. Gilbreth's method allowed a man to lay more bricks, standing normally, and return home after a day's work not nearly as tired. The number of motions per brick reduced to 5 from 18.

Henry Ford was influenced by the efficiency expert, Frederick Taylor because Taylor devoted his life to speeding up production and that was what Henry Ford's goal was. Taylorism at at the Ford factory, meant dividing automobile production into simple repetitive steps. There was no longer the need for skilled tradesmen to complete a specific task. For example a single wheel was on longer made by a single man, it was broken down into almost 100 steps done by different men on different machines.

Ford saw his factory becoming more efficient and productive. But it wasn't fast enough for him. He then came up with the assembly-line idea. What this was, was instead of moving the men with the parts to the cars, the cars would move past the men. This way the parts can be inserted on each car frame and moved onto the next without wasting time moving between frames.

The 4 basic principles of McDonaldization include:
 * Efficiency
 * Predictability
 * Calculability
 * Non-human technology